Pictures taken of the Bohai Shipyard and Longpo Naval Facility show that China has more nuclear attack subs in development than previously believed, Defense One reported Tuesday. The report said there is one extra submarine under construction that the Pentagon previously did not account for.

Nevertheless, there are fewer operational nuclear subs than Western institutions believed, namely the US Department of Defense and the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), the report says.

CC BY-SA 3.0 / Severin.stalder / The Great Wall of China

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CSIS and Pentagon estimates of China’s ocean-going nuclear force pegged the number of operational Jin- or 094-class submarines at four. Yet two of these underwater boats “appear not to be in operation,” said Catherine Dill of the James Martin Center of Nonproliferation Studies at the Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey, as quoted by Defense One.

Notably, the Pentagon’s 2018 China Military Report and CSIS’ China Power group both stated that four 094-class submarines are active.

By comparison, Russian nuclear forces feature nine strategic nuclear submarines “that provide continuous military patrols in the sea,” Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu said in May 2017, Sputnik reported. “The Russian Navy is also planning to increase the number of strategic nuclear submarines to 13, including seven ‘Boreys’ with ‘Bulava’ missiles,” he said.

The US nuclear-armed submarine fleet features 14 Ohio-class submarines, which are comparable in size to Russia’s Borey-class and China’s 094-class subs.