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Smoking in Pregnancy alters baby stress hormones
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Smoking in Pregnancy alters baby stress hormones
Babies of mothers smoking during pregnancy are threatened by a deficiency in their stress response, new study finds.
The research demonstrates that newborns of mothers who smoke cigarettes during pregnancy show lower levels of stress hormones and consequently lowered stress response.
Smoking causes alterations in DNA for a gene that is responsible for regulating passage of stress hormones from mother to fetus, researchers say.
The study monitored 100 mother-newborn pairs from a low-income, racially and ethnically diverse sample in the United States, according to the findings presented in the journal Psychoneuroendocrinology.
“Our results suggest that these newborns may not be mounting adequate hormonal response to daily stressors. Their stress systems may not be prepared for the stressors of daily life,” says lead researcher Laura Stroud, Ph.D., of the Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine at The Miriam Hospital.
“One possibility is alterations in stress hormones and epigenetic changes (chemical modifications) in DNA,” Stroud stated.
Many researchers have indicated the harmful effects of maternal smoking on the baby so far.
“Ongoing cigarette use during pregnancy is a serious problem that increases the risk of many adverse outcomes in newborns.”
An earlier study had indicated the children of those women who smoked during pregnancy were more likely to have a DNA change in AXL gene, an important gene in controlling immune responses.
The study also found a stronger association between the mothers’ smoking and the occurrence of the unwanted genetic change in baby girls than in boys.
Some other researches revealed that babies of smoking mothers were more likely to have a heart defect.
“Our results offer one more reason for mothers to quit smoking, and also highlight the need for early intervention with babies born to mothers who smoke during pregnancy and the mothers themselves,” said Stroud.
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